Tendencia al sobrepeso y obesidad en jugadores de fútbol americano universitario en México (Trending overweight and obesity in college football players in Mexico)

Abstract

El objetivo de este estudio es evaluar el estado corporal de los jugadores de fútbol americano universitario, y ver su tendencia hacia el sobrepeso y obesidad. También se pretende evaluar el estado corporal por posición de juego. Participaron un total de 90 jugadores (28 linieros, 47 jugadores de habilidad y 15 jugadores grandes de habilidad) (22.44 ± 1.71 años de edad) pertenecientes a un equipo de la liga mayor de fútbol americano universitario en México. En el cual se les hizo mediciones antropométricas y evaluaciones con la absorciometría dual de rayos X (DEXA) para poder obtener la masa corporal, índice de masa corporal (IMC), circunferencia abdominal y masa grasa. La mayoría presentan un IMC de sobrepeso con 46 jugadores, 31 jugadores presentan un IMC de obesidad tipo I, II y III, y solo 13 jugadores presentan un IMC de peso normal. En el peso corporal, IMC, porcentaje graso y circunferencia abdominal los linieros obtuvieron valores más altos (p < .05), mientras que los de habilidad obtuvieron valores más bajos (p < .05). La mayoría de los jugadores presentan problemas de sobrepeso y obesidad, aunque con un porcentaje graso y una circunferencia abdominal en el límite de moderado, es necesario establecer programas de alimentación y entrenamiento para mejorar el estado corporal de los jugadores.  Abstract. The objective of this study is to evaluate the body status of college football players, and to see their tendency towards overweight and obesity. It is also intended to assess body status by playing position. A total of 90 players (28 linemen, 47 skill players and 15 big skill players) (22.44 ± 1.71 years old) from a major league college football team in Mexico participated. In which anthropometric measurements and evaluations were made with dual X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) to obtain body mass, body mass index (BMI), abdominal circumference and fat mass. Most have a BMI of overweight with 46 players, 31 players have a BMI of obesity type I, II and III, and only 13 players have a BMI of normal weight. In body weight, BMI, fat percentage and abdominal circumference, linemen obtained higher values (p < .05), while those of skill players obtained lower values (p < .05). Most players have problems of overweight and obesity, although with a fat percentage and an abdominal circumference in the moderate limit, it is necessary to establish feeding and training programs to improve the body status of players.The objective of this study is to evaluate the body status of college football players, and to see their tendency towards overweight and obesity. It is also intended to assess body status by playing position. A total of 90 players (28 linemen, 47 skill players and 15 big skill players) (22.44 ± 1.71 years old) from a major league college football team in Mexico participated. In which anthropometric measurements and evaluations were made with dual X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) to obtain body mass, body mass index (BMI), abdominal circumference and fat mass. Most have a BMI of overweight with 46 players, 31 players have a BMI of obesity type I, II and III, and only 13 players have a BMI of normal weight. In body weight, BMI, fat percentage and abdominal circumference, linemen obtained higher values (p < .05), while those of skill players obtained lower values (p < .05). Most players have problems of overweight and obesity, although with a fat percentage and an abdominal circumference in the moderate limit, it is necessary to establish feeding and training programs to improve the body status of players.O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar a condição corporal de jogadores de futebol universitário e verificar sua tendência ao sobrepeso e à obesidade. Também se destina a avaliar a condição corporal pela posição de jogo. Um total de 90 jogadores participaram (28 atacantes, 47 jogadores habilidosos e 15 excelentes jogadores) (22,44 ± 1,71 anos de idade) pertencentes a um time da liga principal de futebol universitário do México. No qual foram realizadas medidas antropométricas e avaliações com absorciometria radiológica dual (DEXA) para obtenção da massa corporal, índice de massa corporal (IMC), circunferência abdominal e massa gorda. A maioria possui IMC de sobrepeso com 46 jogadores, 31 jogadores possuem IMC de obesidade tipo I, II e III, e apenas 13 jogadores possuem IMC de peso normal. Em peso corporal, IMC, percentual de gordura e circunferência abdominal, os eletricistas obtiveram valores mais elevados (p <0,05), enquanto os de habilidade obtiveram valores menores (p <0,05). A maioria dos jogadores tem problemas de sobrepeso e obesidade, embora com um percentual de gordura e uma circunferência abdominal no limite moderado, é necessário estabelecer programas de alimentação e treinamento para melhorar a condição corporal dos jogadores.