Barriers affecting the oral health of people diagnosed with depression: A systematic review

Abstract

Introduction: The problems of oral health of people diagnosed with depression are not adequately recognized, either in developed or developing countries. Social stigma, lack of self-interest, or even inadequate approaches of dental doctors towards the unique situation of this group of people this lead to excessive oral health problems. Methods: The bibliographic database PubMed/Medline, Google Scholar, and Whiley online library were searched using the following text and MeSH as separate key terms and in combination: depression and oral health/dental caries/periodontal disease/tooth loss/utilization of oral health services/and barriers. The content of documents was analysed using qualitative methodology. Results: Twenty-six original studies were included in the review. Level/severity of depression, medication and medical comorbidity are the most important medical barriers influencing the oral health of people diagnosed with depression. Dental fear and anxiety are mostly combined with low oral hygiene and bad oral health. Socioeconomic status, dental insurance, bad habits and education also have important roles in the oral health status of people diagnosed with depression. Conclusion: Including individuals with depression and oral health problems in national health programs, creating specific prevention programs, or subsidizing the cost of treatment are some of the recommendations suggested as solutions.