Screening of Vitamin B12 in Children Diagnosed as Autism Spectrum Disorder

Abstract

Background: A deficiency in Vitamin B12 leads to megaloblastic anemia and neurological disorders. In children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), gastrointestinal issues can impair the absorption of certain vitamins, including Vitamin B12, resulting in its deficiency. Aim: This study aims to assess Vitamin B12 levels in children with ASD to identify potential etiological factors and explore their role in management if confirmed. Patients and Methods: A case-control study was conducted involving 30 children diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and 30 neurotypical children serving as a control group, all aged 3-8 years. All participants underwent the Modified Arabic Preschool Language Scale (PLS-4), the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scales, Fifth Edition, and the Childhood Autism Rating Scale (CARS). Results: Children with ASD had notably lower levels of Vitamin B12 than the control group. Conclusion: The study found that children with ASD had lower Vitamin B12 levels compared to the control group and exhibited a reduced overall language level.