PEROLEHAN GENETIK PADA UJI KLON JATI (Tectona Grandis L.F) UMUR 3 TAHUN DI KHDTK KEMAMPO, SUMATERA SELATAN

Abstract

The objective of research were to determine the level of genetic variation, heritabilityand expected genetic gains based on tree height, diameter and stem form characters. The research was conducted in 3 years old teak plantation, located atKHDTKKemampo, South Sumatera. Randomized Complete Block Design was applied using 35 clones, 4 blocks and 3 treeplots in a spacing of 3×3m. The result of the research showed that there were genetic variationamongclones, but the variationwasrelatively low in comparison to other variation sources, i.e. block and interaction between clone and block. The contribution of the genetic component to total variation was relatively low, i.e. 2.49%for height and 1.73%for diameter, while the contribution of stem form was relatively higher, i.e. 9.15 %. Genetic gain estimation at the age of 3 years was relatively low, because the heritability value was relatively low, i.e. 0.026 (individual) and 0.16 (clone) for height character and 0.02 (individual) and 0.13 (clone) for diameter. But for stem form were relatively high, i.e. 0.09 and 0.39, respectively. Based on an assumption of using the best five clones, the estimation of expected genetic gain at the age of 3 years for a height, diameter, stem form and volume were 1.28 %, 1.16 %, 3.43%and 8.40 %, respectively. Genetic correlation between height and diameter was 1.01 (overestimate), while between diameter and stem form was very high, i.e. 0.88, and between height and stem form was 0.67. These results could be applicable for selection purpose, because it may done based on just one character, i.e. diameter. Selection index of the best five clones of 24, 36, 14, 35 and 11 were 3.073, 1.721, 1.574, 1.430 and 1.306 respectively. Keywords: H eritability, eak, genetic correlation genetic gain clone, genetic variation