Correlation between brain neurotransmitters and insulin sensitivity: Neuro-preservative role of resveratrol against high fat, high fructoseinduced insulin resistance

Abstract

Insulin resistance (IR) is a major public health problem that can lead to many dangerous medical disorders and early mortality. This study aimed to explore the effectiveness of resveratrol (RSV) to counteract the neuro-complications accompanying high fat, high fructose (HFHF) diet experimentally induced-IR in rats. IR was induced by the ingestion of HFHF diet for 70 days, 80 juvenile rats were used, and the treatments were given orally for the diet latest 10 days. Rats' general behavior was assessed by open field test (OFT) and forced swimming test (FST). On biochemical level; neurocomplications were assessed by measuring brain levels of monoamines and their metabolites as well as the levels of 8-hydroxyguanosine (8-OHDG), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced and oxidized glutathione (GSH and GSSG) and nitric oxide (NOx). Oral RSV (20 and 40 mg/kg p. o) increased the activity of the rats in the OFT and decreased the immobility period in the FST in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, RSV reduced monoamines turnover, elevated GSH, and reduced GSSG, NOx, MDA, 8-OHDG, and TNF-α (p < 0.05). RSV exhibited neuro-protective activities against HFHF-induced IR, thus it can be recommended as a favorable daily dietary supplement for treating the neuronal side effects related to IR.