Clinical and Radiographic Evaluation of Marginal Bone Level (BL) in Two Implant-Retained Mandibular Overdenture With Lingualized Occlusion (LO): A Six-Year Clinical Trial

Abstract

BACKGROUND:  The objective of this research was to assess the marginal bone loss and stability in a lingualized occlusal scheme with implant-supported mandibular overdentures as a viable solution for individuals experiencing difficulties with the retention of conventional mandibular dentures. The study assessed the marginal bone level (BL) using radiographic evaluation and clinically by evaluating periodontal health using probing depth index values over a period of 6 years. MATERIALS AND METHODS:  Ten completely edentulous male patients with a bone height (BH) of 15-25 mm at the mandibular symphyseal region and dissatisfaction with their mandibular conventional complete denture were included in the study. Patients were willing to accept the conditions of the study and provide informed consent. Bleeding index, plaque index (PI), probing depth, and crestal BL were accessed during the follow-up period. Marginal BLs using Wical and Swoop Analysis method were evaluated at baseline (BL) (during loading), 3 years and 6 years post-loading. RESULTS:  During the observation period, there was no incidence of implant loss, and all patients expressed contentment with the retention, stability, chewing functionality, and esthetic appeal of their dentures. Marginal BLs through clinical and radiographic evaluation, periodontal health using bleeding on probing (BOP), and probing depth were assessed during the follow-up period. Throughout the entire period of observation, no instances of implant displacement were detected. CONCLUSION:  The study found that the use of a lingualized occlusal scheme with two implant-retained mandibular complete overdenture effectively transmitted horizontal loads, reduced stress on individual implants leading to decreased bone loss, and increased stability.