Anti- Inflammatory Activities Of The Methanol Leaf Extract And Fractions Of Elaesis Guineensis In In-Vivo Animals

Abstract

DOI: 10.1093/rpsppr/rqae027 RPS Pharmacy and Pharmacology Reports, Volume. 4, Issue. 1, 16 November 2024 Abstract Objectives: The objective of this paper is to investigate the preliminary anti-inflammatory properties of the leaves and its fractions of Elaeis guineensis using egg-induced albumin and formaldehyde-induced arthritis models in rats. Methods: Egg albumin-induced inflammation was induced by sub-plantar injection of 0.1 ml of fresh undiluted egg albumin. The volume of distilled water displaced by the treated paw was measured at 0.5,1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 h after induction of inflammation. Formaldehyde-induced arthritis was induced after 30 min by sub-plantar injection of 0.1 ml of 2.5% formaldehyde solution and was repeated on Day 3. Arthritis was assessed by measuring the volume of distilled water displaced by the paw before induction of arthritis and once every day for 10 days, starting from Day 1, after induction of arthritis. Key findings: The acute toxicity test revealed that the plant extract was safe even at 5000 mg/kg dose level. The methanol extract showed a dose-dependent inhibition of egg albumin-induced acute inflammation that peaked at the dose of 200 mg/kg, while the fractions of the extract showed that the hexane and ethyl acetate fractions had the highest activity during the experiment. Similarly, the crude extract of the formaldehyde-induced arthritis showed a dose-dependent inhibition making the 200 mg/kg the most active dose level. In addition, it was observed that among the fractions of the extract, the hexane fraction showed the most significant inhibitory activity when compared to other fractions. Conclusions: This study establishes that the methanol leaf extract and fractions of E. guineensis possess significant anti-inflammatory activity.