Occurence of number of canals in permanent mandibular first molar in south indian population-a retrospective analysis

Abstract

The mandibular first molar has a wide variety of root canal configurations. Adequate knowledge of the root canal system is necessary to achieve optimum disinfection and hence successful outcomes in Endodontic therapy. The aim of this Retrospective study is to evaluate the occurrence of number of canals in permanent mandibular first molars by analyzing postoperative periapical radiographs. A total of 1300 case sheets of root canal treated mandibular first molars were reviewed and data extraction regarding age, gender and number of canals were done. Data was tabulated in Excel sheets and analyzed using SPSS software. The results showed that out of 1300 teeth, 712 were male and 588 female patients. Out of 712 male patients, 452 (63.4%) had 3 canals and 244 (34.2%) had 4 canals. Out of 588 female patients, 396 (67.3%) had 3 canals and 173 (29.4%) had 4 canals. No significant difference was seen between the number of canals amongst gender. The knowledge of root canal anatomy reduces the chances of missing a canal during root canal treatment. Also various anatomical intricacies of the root canal system such as fins, isthmuses and C-shaped canals are commonly seen in mandibular molars. Sufficient disinfection of the entire root canal system by use of irrigant activation techniques and intra canal medicaments, will help in achieving long term success of root canal treatment.