Anesthetic management of the burn patient

Abstract

Knowledge of the pathophysiology of burns is the basis of perioperative management. All organs and systems are altered and hemodynamic changes in the acute phase are characterized by a decrease in cardiac output. After six days of injury a new hemodynamic change occurs, this phase is known as hypermetabolic state and its duration is in relation to the extent and depth of the injury. Inhalation injury is an important factor to consider as a poor prognosis and also the number of associated comorbidities and/or trauma. During this second period the Anesthesiologists have a continuous and close participation. Pharmacological problems, airway management, vascular access, hypothermia, monitoring and pain control among others become very marked. Finally, the phase of sequelae is for life and the magnitude of damages, costs and disability will be directly related to the care administered during the first two phases.