Graft-vs-host disease following Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation

Abstract

Background: Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) is a potentially curative therapy with proven effi cacy in the management of hematologic malignancies. However, it is complicated by the syndromes of acute and chronic graft-vs-host disease (GVHD). Methods: A narrative review is provided to summarize major biologic insights into the pathogenesis of these immune-mediated disorders, as well as advances in diagnosis, classifi cation, prevention, management, and allied supportive care with the aim of providing essential understanding for clinicians with or without subspecialty experience in the fi eld of blood and marrow transplantation. Results: Major scientifi c advances have contributed to enhanced understanding of the pathogenesis of these disorders, and clinical investigation has provided more effective preventive and therapeutic strategies for GVHD. However, since acute GVHD and chronic GVHD remain leading sources of transplantation-related morbidity and mortality, ongoing investigation is needed to develop new approaches to addressing these syndromes. Conclusions: The major challenge for future investigation will be to capitalize on biologic insights in order to develop novel strategies for the prevention and therapy of acute and chronic GVHD that will address the current shortcomings in existing therapeutic approaches.