Effect of Lignin Concentration on Crystallinity of TPS/Lignin Biocomposite

Abstract

Several alternatives have been considered to minimize the environmental impact caused by conventional polymers. The integration of lignin into the starch matrix is one extensively used substitute. The purpose of this study is to ascertain how much lignin influences how crystallin the palm starch biocomposite is. In a twin-screw extruder, palm starch, glycerol, stearic acid, and lignin are extruded. The properties of the palm starch crystals were examined using XRD. According to the results of X-ray diffraction (XRD), palm starch has a type C crystal structure. Palm starch, TPS, and TPSL have percentages of crystallinity of 57.6%, 51.9%, 55.7%, 56.3%, 60.1%, 63.4%, and 66.4%, respectively. The addition of lignin to the starch matrix can increase along with the increase in lignin content.