Posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder in children after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: A single-center experience and literature review

Abstract

Posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD) is one of the most serious complications of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Pathogenesis of this disease is associated with uncontrolled lymphoid tissue proliferation in immunocompromised recipients, most often triggered by primary Epstein-Barr virus infection, or its reactivation. This complication could be fatal, depending on the type of PTLD. This article describes clinical and morphological classification, risk factors, clinical features, diagnostic and treatment of PTLD and presents the clinical experience of the diagnostic and treatment of PTLD in patients of HSCT departments of Russian Children’s Hospital and National Scientific Center of Children’s Hematology, Oncology and Immunology.