Cattle be in Two Mind States: An Overview of Heat Stress Tolerance in Cattle

Abstract

The heat stress stimulated by the environment is of vital interest as it negatively influences animal productivity. Therefore, adapting to challenging climate conditions is essential for agriculture because we can gain increased and environmentally friendly production by reducing stress on cattle. Heat shock proteins reveal the functions in the cells and handle their protection under stress situations. Therefore, it is essential to highlight the response mechanisms and genetics by which heat-stressed cattle survive under hot climate conditions. The current review provides insight into different genes, their functions and gene expression studies conducted in cattle under heat stress conditions. Genetics and genomics play roles in livestock health, as they will help the researchers understand the importance of heat shock proteins in livestock, especially in dairy cattle