Review of State of Power Estimation for Li-Ion Batteries: Methods, Issues, and Prospects

Abstract

This study provides a review of the available techniques for peak power estimation of Li-ion batteries in battery management systems (BMS). While various methods for estimating the state of charge (SOC) and state of health (SOH) of onboard batteries have been extensively discussed in previous research, the topic of state of power (SOP) estimation has yet to be comprehensively explored. Predicting the maximum power that can be applied to the battery through discharging or charging it during acceleration, regenerative braking, and hill climbing is undoubtedly one of the most challenging tasks for BMS. In Li-ion batteries, due to issues such as temperature and aging, efficient and reliable methods are required to estimate battery power. Accurate SOP estimation enables the BMS to more precisely regulate power flow in applications, optimize battery performance, and correspondingly increase its lifespan. To this end, scientific and technical literature sources were researched, and existing methods were reviewed. Finally, some opportunities and prospects were summarized to support the establishment of an accurate and robust multi-constraint-based SOP estimation technology in electric vehicle applications for intelligent BMS in the future.