Microbiological removal of crystal violet dye by Bacillus subtilis ETL-2211

Abstract

Introduction The growth of the world population, the development of various industries and the use of fertilisers and pesticides in modern agriculture have overloaded not only the water resources but also the atmosphere and the soil with pollutants. In the last few decades, the handling of wastewater appeared to be one of the most important environmental issues. The textile industry, which is one of the largest consumers of water in the world, produces wastewa-ter comprising various recalcitrant agents such as dyes, sizing agents and dying aids. Therefore, care should be taken when releasing these types of wastewater into the environment. The aim of this study is to discuss the microbial removal of crystal violet dye by Bacillus subtilis ETL-2211.