Anti-leucine-rich glioma-inactivated-1 encephalitis with faciobrachial dystonic seizures and behavioral problems: A case report

Abstract

Anti-Leucine-rich glioma-inactivated-1 encephalitis is a subtype of autoimmune encephalitis characterized by cognitive impairment, faciobrachial dystonic seizures, and behavioural changes. There is no reported case from Nepal. We report a case of a 54-year old male who presented with abnormal body movement, behavioural changes, rapid eye movement sleep behavioural changes, and cognitive decline. Investigations revealed magnetic resonance imaging findings of fluid-attenuated inversion recovery intensity signal in bilateral temporal lobes with anti-leucine-rich glioma-inactivated-1 antibody in serum leading to diagnosis of anti-leucine-rich glioma-inactivated-1 encephalitis. He was treated with steroids and intravenous immunoglobulin. Timely diagnosis is vital to prevent complications and improve outcomes.