Laboratory and Field Experiments on Prediction Method of Occuring Time of Slope Failure due to Rainfall

Abstract

In order to develop a new method which predicts a occuring time of the slope failure due to a rainfall , the laboratory and field experiments were carried out. The changes of the pore pressure with time by the laboratory model tests are shown in Fig. 2. The pattern and occuring time of the slope failure are shown in Fig. 4. The results show that the prediction of a occuring time of the slope failure is possible by the measurement of the pore pressure. The changes of the pore pressure with time by the field experiment are shown in Fig. 14. The changes of the displacement gauge and strain gauge with time are shown in Fig. 15. The pore pressures increased sharply from fifteen minutes before the failure, while almost no displacement of the slope surface and no strain in the slope was measured. Then the prediction based on the measurement of pore pressure in a slope during a seepage of a rainfall seemes to be probable. 1. ‚Ü‚¦ ‚ª ‚« •‹ ‰J Žž‚É‚Í ŽÎ-Ê•ö ‰ó ‚ª •p"-‚µ,•l-½‚ð ‚Í ‚ ¶ ‚ß ‚AE ‚µ‚Ä'½ 'å ‚È"í ŠQ‚ª ‚Å‚Ä‚¢ ‚é•BŽÎ-Ê•ö ‰ó ‚Ì "-• ¶ ŽžŠú‚ð-\ 'm‚· ‚é ‚± ‚AE ‚Í,"í ŠQ‚ð•Å•¬OEÀ ‚É ‚-‚¢ ‚AE ‚ß •l-½‚ðŽç‚邽‚ß‚É‹É‚ß ‚Ä •d-v ‚È ‚± ‚AE ‚Å‚ ‚é•B•~ ‰J Žž‚Ì ŽÎ-Ê•ö ‰ó ‚Ì-\ 'm-@ ‚ÉŠÖ‚µ‚Ä ‚Í •" '½‚-‚Ì OE¤ ‹ † ‚ª ‚È ‚³ ‚ê ‚Ä‚«‚Ä‚¢ ‚邪,•\ •ª ‚È•¬‰Ê ‚ð ‚ ‚° ‚Ä‚¢ ‚é ‚AE‚Í OE¾ ‚¢"ï ‚¢ •B•ö‰ó ‚Ì-\ 'm-@ ‚É ‚Í,(1)"-• ¶ •ê •Š,(2)"-• ¶ ŽžŠú,(3)•ö ‰ó ‚Ì ‹K-Í ‚Ì3‚ ‚Ì •€-Ú ‚ª-ž ‚½‚³ ‚ê ‚Ä‚¢ ‚é•K-v ‚ª ‚ ‚ë ‚¤‚ª1),‚± ‚± ‚Å‚Í •ÐŠQ‚©‚ç•l-½‚ðŽç‚é ‚½‚ß‚É•Å‚à•d-v ‚È"-• ¶ ŽžŠú‚Ì-\ 'm‚Ì ‰Â "\ •« ‚ɂ‚¢ ‚Ä'² ‚× ‚é•B"-• ¶ ŽžŠú‚Ì-\ 'm‚ÉŠÖ‚µ‚Ä‚Í 'å •Ê ‚µ‚Ä2‚ ‚Ì •û-@ ‚ª ‚ ‚é•Bˆê ‚Â‚Í •ö ‰ó "-• ¶ ‚Ì ŽžŠú‚ð'O'› ‚AE‚µ‚Ä‚Ì ŽÎ-Ê‚Ì ‚È‚ñ ‚ç ‚©‚Ì "®‚«‚©‚çOEŸ 'm‚µ ‚ae‚¤ ‚AE ‚· ‚é ‚à‚Ì ‚Å‚ ‚è,‚à ‚¤ˆê ‚Â‚Í •ö ‰ó "-• ¶ ‚ðŽx"z ‚· ‚éŽå‚È-U ˆö ‚Ì •Ï ‰» ‚©‚ç-\ 'ª ‚µ ‚ae ‚¤‚AE ‚· ‚é ‚à‚Ì ‚Å‚ ‚é•B'OŽÒ ‚Å‚Í 'n •\-Ê‚Ì ‚Ђ¸‚݂Ђ¸‚Ý'¬ "x ‚Ì •Ï ‰» ‚ð-p ‚¢ ‚é•Ö"¡ ‚Ì •û-@2)‚â,'n •\-Ê‚Ì OEX ŽÎ ‚Ì •Ï "®3),‚ ‚é ‚¢ ‚Í "÷•¬‰¹‚ð-p ‚¢ ‚é•û-@4)"™ ‚à'ñ ˆÄ‚³ ‚ê ‚Ä‚¢ ‚é•BOEã ŽÒ ‚Å‚Í 'ã •\ "I ‚È‚à ‚Ì ‚AE‚µ‚Ä•ö‰ó "-• ¶ ŠëOE¯‰J-Ê ‚Ì •Ý'è ‚ª OEŸ "¢ ‚³ ‚ê ŽÀ-p ‰» ‚³ ‚ê ‚Ä‚«‚Ä‚¢ ‚é5)•B ‚±‚ê ‚ç ‚Ì-\ 'm-@ ‚ÉŠÖ‚µ ‚Ä‚Í,‚» ‚Ì-L OEø •« ‚ð ŽÀ •Ø‚µ‚½Ž-á ‚à‚©‚È ‚è•ñ•• ‚³ ‚ê ‚Ä‚¢ ‚邪,"½-Ê'½‚-‚Ì-â'è "_ ‚àŽc‚³ ‚ê ‚Ä‚¢ ‚é•B ŽÎ-Ê•ö ‰ó ‚Ì "-• ¶ ŽžŠú‚ÉŠÖ ‚· ‚éŠm OEÅ ‚½‚é-\ 'm-@ ‚ª Šm-§ ‚³ ‚ê ‚Ä‚¢ ‚È‚¢-•-R ‚̈ê‚Ìˆê ‚Â‚AE ‚µ‚Ä•ö‰ó ‹@•\ ‚ª '½-l ‚Å‚ ‚è,‚» ‚Ì Žx"z-v ˆö ‚ª •\ •ª ‰ð-¾‚³ ‚ê ‚Ä‚¢ ‚È‚¢ ‚± ‚AE ‚ª ‚ ‚° ‚ç‚ê ‚é•B '˜ ŽÒ ‚ç ‚Í,•~ ‰J Žž‚Ì ŽÎ-Ê•ö ‰ó ‹@ •\ ‚Ì ‰ð-¾‚AE ŽÎ-ʈÀ'è ‰ð •Í-@ ‚Ì Šm-§ ‚ð-Ú "I ‚AE ‚µ ‚Ä,•s ‚©‚-•‚Ü‚³ "y‚Ì-Í ŠwŽŽOE±,•~ ‰J •Z" §‰ð •Í,ŽÎ-ʈÀ'è‰ð •Í "™ ‚ð •s ‚È‚Á‚Ä‚« ‚Ä‚¢ ‚é6),7),8)•B ‚» ‚µ ‚Ä,ŽÎ-Ê•ae‰º •" ‚Å‚Ì ‰ß 'å ‚ÈŠÔOE" •… ˆ³ ‚ª ŽÎ-Ê•ö ‰ó ‚Ì Žå-v ˆö ‚Å‚ ‚é ‚±‚AE ‚â,-O ˜aˆê •s-O˜a •Z" §‰ð •Í ‚É‚ae ‚è•~ ‰J Žž ‚Ì ŽÎ-Ê"à ŠÔOE" •… ˆ³ ‚𠕸 "x-Ç ‚-'Ç•Õ‚Å‚«‚é ‚±‚AE "™ ‚ð-¾‚ç‚© ‚É ‚µ‚Ä‚¢ ‚é•B‚» ‚±‚Å,-{ •ñ •• ‚Å‚Í ŽÎ-Ê•ö‰ó ‚Ì Žå-v ˆö ‚Å‚ ‚éŠÔOE" •… ˆ³ ‚É'…-Ú‚µ‚Ä,Žº "à‚¨‚ae‚ÑOE»à‚¨‚ae‚ÑOE» 'n ‚Å•~ ‰J ‚É ‚ae‚éŽÎ-Ê•ö‰ó ŽÀ OE± ‚ð•s ‚È‚¢,'O '› OE» •Û‚É ‚ae‚éŽÎ-Ê•ö ‰ó "-• ¶ŽžŠú ‚Ì-\ 'm‚Ì ‰Â "\ •« ‚ɂ‚¢ ‚ÄOEŸ "¢ ‚µ‚½OE‹ ‰Ê ‚AE ŠJ"-‚µ‚½•~ ‰J Žž ‚Ì ŽÎ-ʈÀ'è ‰ð •Í-@ ‚ðOE» 'n ŽÎ-ÊŽÀ OE± ‚É'Î ‚µ ‚Ä"K-p ‚µ‚½OE‹‰Ê ‚ɂ‚¢ ‚Ä•q ‚× ‚é•B 2.Žº "à-Í OE^ ŽÀOE± ‚É ‚ae ‚é •ö ‰ó"-• ¶ ŽžŠú‚Ì-\ 'ª (1)ŽÀ OE± '• 'u,ŽŽ-¿,ŽÀOE± •ð OE• ŽÀ OE± '• 'u ‚AE-ÍOE^ŽÎ-Ê‚ðFig.1‚É Ž¦ ‚· •B"y'…‚Ì ‰oe •s ‚«‚Í 50cm‚Å 'ê-Ê‚AE '¤-Ê‚Í •s " §•…-Ê‚É‚È‚Á‚Ä‚¢ ‚é•B "y'…‚Ì 'O-Ê‚Í ƒAƒNƒŠ ƒ‹"Â,OEã-Ê‚Í "S"‚Å-e-Ê ‚ª200gf/cm2‚Ü ‚½‚Í 500gf/cm2‚̈³cm2‚̈³-Í •Ï Š· Ší ‚ðŽae‚è•t ‚Ä‚ ‚é•B•l •H•~ ‰J ‚Í ƒX ƒvƒŠƒ"ƒNƒ‰ •[ ‚ð-p ‚¢,‰J ‚Ì •ó'Ô‚Í-¶•ó ‚Å‚ ‚é•B ŽÀ OE± ‚ÉŽg-p ‚µ‚½"y ‚Í-L‰Y •W •€ •» ‚Å,-Í OE^ ŽÎ-Ê‚Í ‚» ‚ê ‚¼ ‚ê7•`8'w ‚É•ª ‚¯ ‚Ä"y‚ð "ü‚ê,Še 'w‹Ïˆêw‹Ïˆê ‚É