An experimental model for slopes subject to weathering

Abstract

In this paper, an experimental prototype model to study the influence of cracks on the morphologic evolution of natural cliffs subject to progressive retreat induced by weathering is presented. A set of small scale laboratory tests is designed to investigate weathering induced successive landslides. Weathering is applied to the slope model by wetting the slope crest through a rainfall simulator device. The moisture content and the suction of the soil during the tests are monitored by soil moisture sensors and tensiometers that are buried inside the slope model. High resolution cameras record the behaviour of the slope model and GeoPIV is used to analyse the frames and obtain the deformations of the slope model during the tests. After a short time of rainfall, vertical cracks appear in the slope model with significant vertical deformations developing. Experimental results indicate that there is a strong connection between moisture content - thus degree of weathering - and the occurrence of a landslide. A prediction model of slope failures can be introduced based on the observed moisture content response of the slope models.