AVAILABILITY AND INTERCHANGEABILITY OF METALS.

Abstract

The example of cobalt - used in alnico magnets, superalloys, cemented carbides, tool steels, ceramics (as pigment) and paints - demonstrates the problems associated with substituting for specific functions as binding, wear resistance, and drying. Cobalt, a metal used in relatively low tonnages, is a high performance mineral for which substitution and replacement is difficult, complex, and time consuming. In order to achieve any possibility of finding alternatives without severe economic disruption, stockpiles should be built to provide the time necessary to create useful alternative materials.