Comparison of Serum Vitamin D Levels in Patients with Severe Preeclampsia and Normal Pregnancy at Dr. Zainoel Abidin Regional General Hospital Banda Aceh

Abstract

AIM: This study aims to assess differences in the mean maternal Vitamin D levels between severe preeclampsia (SPE) and normal pregnant women at the Dr. Zainoel Abidin Hospital Banda Aceh, Indonesia. METHODS: This research was a case–control study conducted at the Dr. Zainoel Abidin Regional General Hospital Banda Aceh. Pregnant women with confirmed SPE and normal pregnancies were involved in the study. The level of 25(OH)D3 was assessed by taking serum samples and examined by the enzyme immunoassay method. The Mann–Whitney U test analysis was conducted for bivariate analysis with a 95% confidence level. RESULTS: A total of 82 participants were involved in this study, with 41 subjects in the case group and 41 patients in the control group. A total of 30 SPE patients (70.3%) showed moderate Vitamin D deficiency. The mean levels of 25(OH)D3 in the SPE and normal pregnancy groups, respectively, were 14.43 ng/mL and 27.94 ng/mL (p < 0.001). Based on the 20 ng/mL cutoff point, the difference in 25(OH)D3 levels between the two groups showed an odd ratio (OR) of 15.05. CONCLUSION: Serum Vitamin D levels in SPE patients were two times lower than in the normal group. Evaluation of serum Vitamin D levels needs to be carried out periodically during pregnancy as a screening and diagnostic effort to prevent the potential development of SPE.