Synthesis and Characterization of Various Bimetallic Nanoparticles and Their Application

Abstract

Bimetallic nanoparticles are a complex nanoscale combination of two metal constituents. The superior properties of bimetallic nanoparticles (BNPs) compared with monometallic nanoparticles have attracted much attention from both scientific and technological perspectives. In recent years, many fabrication techniques have been proposed, and the detailed characterization of bimetallic nanoparticles has been made possible by the rapid advancement of nanomaterial analysis techniques. Metallic nanoparticles can be classified according to their origin, size, and structure, and their synthesis process can be physical, chemical, or biological. Bimetallic nanoparticles are more attractive than metal nanoparticles due to their unique mixing patterns and synergistic effects of two metal nanoparticles forming the bimetal. In this review, the different bimetallic synthesis methods and various characterization techniques are discussed. The paper will also discuss various applications for bimetallic nanoparticles. Different characterization techniques for bimetallic nanoparticles include X-ray diffraction (XRD) to investigate crystallinity and phase composition; the morphology and composition analysis of nanoparticles are studied using a scanning electron microscope fitted with an energy-dispersive X-ray analyzer (EDX); transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV–vis spectrum, FTIR, and TGA analysis are also among the characterization tools used. Finally, we report on the various applications of BNPs, which include antimicrobial activity, pollutant removal, and wastewater application.