Predictive Factors for Lung Metastasis in High-Grade Osteosarcoma: A 5 Years Experience from Tertiary Referral Hospital

Abstract

Metastasis stands as one of the most prominent prognostic factors in osteosarcoma. Over 70% of metastatic osteosarcoma occurrences affect the lung. Nonetheless, to date, there has been a scarcity of research addressing predictive factors for lung metastasis risk in osteosarcoma. The objective of this study is to identify the predictive factors that have a role in the risk of lung metastasis in osteosarcoma. This is a retrospective study conducted between January 2018 until January 2023. From the obtained research subjects, an assessment selection was carried out using inclusion and exclusion criteria. Subsequently, preoperative data related to predictive factors will be collected from the research subjects, followed by a clinicopathological conference, chemotherapy, and surgery. Afterward, an evaluation of pulmonary metastasis will be conducted six months after the diagnosis. A total of 47 osteosarcoma patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were analyzed. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed statistically significant predictive factors for the risk of pulmonary metastasis in osteosarcoma: ALP levels (p=0.014), LDH levels (p=0.038), presence of pathological fractures (p=0.025), and tumor size (p=0.027).