Upper and Lower Bounds on Switching Energy in VLSI

Abstract

A technology-independent framework is established for measuring the switching energy consumed by verylarge scale integrated 1991 circuits. Techniques are developed foranalyzing functional energy consumption, and for designingenergy-efficient VLSI circuits. A wire (or gate) in a circuit usesswitching energy when it changes state from 1 to 0 or vice versa. Thispaper develops the Uniswitch Model(USM) of energy consumption, which measures thedifferences between pairs of states of an embeddedcircuit. © 1991, ACM. All rights reserved.