Mindfulness and the unseen: understanding the impact of dark patterns in mindfulness applications

Abstract

The rise of mindfulness apps has integrated these tools into daily life, but concerns arise about preserving traditional practices and the ethical use of manipulative dark patterns that undermine user autonomy. This study examines the impact of dark patterns on user perceptions, engagement, and trust in mindfulness apps using expert reviews, surveys, journaling, and interviews. Three apps - Calm, Headspace, and Insight Timer - were analyzed for dark patterns, with participants documenting their experiences and perceptions. The findings underscore the need for ethical design practices to enhance trust and informed decision-making while highlighting the influence of dark patterns on user behavior and experience.