Genotoxicity and repair capability of DNA following the oral exposure to analgesic drugs: A review

Abstract

Genotoxicity is a destructive effect from a substance that impairs genetic material in cells. Drugs are substances that can alter the systemic function, including analgesic drugs. Paracetamol, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and opioids are three basic analgesic drugs that are often used to relieve the pain available in drug stores. Their action mechanism is known to be safe in a therapeutic dose and has a minimum side effect. Every chemical substance affects the cellular level, including DNA. The drugs have a mechanism to affect the cellular and DNA to control the drugs' damage, such as DNA repair. Each drug affects genetic material depend on the dose and time interval of administration.