PHYSICAL THERAPY FOR PEOPLE WITH NON-SPECIFIC PAIN IN THE LOWER BACK. MYOFASCIAL PAIN SYNDROME (CLINICAL PRESENTATION AND TREATMENT APPROACHES) LITERATURE REVIEW

Abstract

Pain in the lower back is one of the most common complaints with which a patient turns to a doctor, from 40 to 80% of the population still suffers from back pain syndrome. Pain in the lower back reduces the quality of life, work capacity and is often the cause of disability. The leading syndromes in back pain are myofascial. Myofascial pain syndrome is a common pain syndrome. According to the definition recommended by the International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP), myofascial pain syndrome is a chronic pain syndrome that arises from one or more trigger points in the muscles of the spine. Purpose to reveal modern ideas about the causes, mechanisms of development, clinical manifestations of myofascial pain syndrome in the lower back, as well as to propose basic approaches to physical therapy based on an understanding of the pathophysiology of myofascial pain syndrome, to develop an optimal scheme of rehabilitation measures for the effective treatment of myofascial pain syndrome. Materials and methods. Physical therapy, exercise therapy, therapeutic and acupressure massage of painful muscle knots, reflexology, osteopathy. Obtained results. Elimination of pain syndrome in the lower back of patients. Conclusions. Nonspecific myofascial pain syndrome is an actual problem that needs attention and further study. The complex effect on myofascial pain syndrome of medicinal drugs, methods of physical therapy and massage in combination with the use of a physiotherapeutic component and osteopathy leads to faster elimination of the pain syndrome than in the case of using standard therapy. That is why this article examines the problems of diagnosis and treatment of back pain syndrome, analyzes existing data on its physical therapy and risk factors for its occurrence, describes methods that were once used to help patients with this problem. An attempt was also made to find new approaches to the therapy of back pain syndrome and to integrate them into the general care system using a rehabilitation approach.