Novel method of swarm emigration by the epiponine wasp, apoica pallens (hymenoptera vespidae)

Abstract

Wasps in the Neotropical genus Apoica engage in swarm emigration behavior unlike any other swarm-founding wasp. We observed three emigrations by a colony of A. pallens in Costa Rica. Following absconding, the colony clustered on leaves as individuals flexed the terminal segments of the gaster dorsally. This posture exposed the bases of the 5th and 6th metasomal sternites, suggesting that the wasps were releasing a pheromone from the sternal glands on these segments. At sunset, wasps left in an explosion of departures and formed a diffuse swarm as they flew to a new site. No wasps marked trails by gaster dragging nor did scouts leave prior to departure of the whole swarm. Individuals at the new site ran along the substrate with the gaster held in the position of the calling display. We conclude that emigrating Apoica wasps use the calling display to guide the swarm to new nest sites. © 2002 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.