From Micro-Optical to Quantum-Enhanced Gyroscopes: A Comprehensive Review

Abstract

With the rapid development of micro-nano fabrication technology, micro-optical gyroscope technology has shown tremendous potential in integration, miniaturization, and sensitivity. The micro-optical gyroscope is closely related to the performance of the gyroscopic system, which is realized by the light-matter interaction and resonance enhancement. Currently, the detection range of micro-optical gyroscopes extends from millimeter-scale physical mechanical motion to molecular vibrations at the nanometer scale; however, their precision is challenging to surpass the standard quantum limit. The primary research objective of quantum precision measurement is to utilize quantum resources to conduct quantum-enhanced measurements on physical system quantities, thereby surpassing the quantum limit and improving parameter measurement accuracy. In recent years, due to the rapid development in the field of quantum precision measurement, quantum gyroscope has made great progress in practical and engineering. In the future, by replacing traditional accelerometers and gyroscopes, it may be possible to develop highly integrated, low-power, and low-drift quantum inertial navigation systems. Based on the information disclosed by journals, conferences, and related research institutions, this paper briefly outlines the development status, basic principles, and corresponding challenges of the micro-optical gyroscope. Additionally, this paper introduces the current theoretical and experimental progress of quantum-enhanced gyroscopes.