Visual acuity of dentists under simulated clinical conditions

Abstract

Objectives: This study examined the near visual acuity of dentists in relation to age and magnification under simulated clinical conditions. Materials and methods: Miniaturized visual tests were performed in posterior teeth of a dental phantom head in a simulated clinical setting (dental chair, operating lamp, dental mirror). The visual acuity of 40 dentists was measured under the following conditions: (1) natural visual acuity, distance of 300 mm; (2) natural visual acuity, free choice of distance; (3) Galilean loupes, magnification of ×2. 5; (4) Keplerian loupes, ×4. 3; (5) operating microscope, ×4, integrated light; (6) operating microscope, ×6. 4, integrated light. Results: The visual acuity varied widely between individuals and was significantly lower in the group ≥40 years of age (p < 0. 001). Significant differences were found between all tested conditions (p < 0. 01). Furthermore, a correlation between visual acuity and age was found for all conditions. The performance with the microscope was better than with loupes even with comparable magnification factors. Some dentists had a better visual acuity without optical aids than others with Galilean loupes. Conclusions: Near visual acuity under simulated clinical conditions varies widely between individuals and decreases throughout life. Visual deficiencies can be compensated for with optical aids. Clinical relevance: Newly developed miniaturized vision tests have allowed, in a clinically relevant way, to evaluate the influence of magnification and age on the near visual acuity of dentists. © 2012 Springer-Verlag.