Case of Anthracycline-induced Cardiogenic Shock: A Call to Optimize Modifiable Cardiac Risk Factors Prior to Chemotherapy

Abstract

Anthracyclines, including doxorubicin, are an important class of chemotherapeutic agents. Their efficacy, however, is limited by cardiotoxicity. Risk factors for anthracycline-associated cardiotoxicity include dose, treatment-specific risk factors including adjunctive radiotherapy, patient-specific modifiable cardiac risk factors including hypertension, hyperlipidemia, diabetes mellitus, tobacco use and obesity, and patient-specific non-modifiable risk factors such as age. The reduction of treatment-specific factors is not always possible, but treatment and reduction of modifiable risk factors should always be an important aspect of the management plan and may reduce the risk of anthracycline-induced cardiotoxicity. We present the case of a 65-year-old male with multiple modifiable cardiovascular risk factors who developed cardiogenic shock shortly after the administration of combination therapy with anthracyclines for the treatment of Hodgkin's lymphoma.