Incubators based on innovation in France

Abstract

Purpose - The objective of this paper is twofold: (1) discuss and analyze the adoption of incubators based on the innovation in France as successful case studies, and (2) identify the ratio of performance indicators of successful incubators. Methodology - The investigation and analysis of literature is an accepted form of desk-based research that compares the works of different authors. This type of approach is closely qualitative (multi-case studies, literature review) and allows a broader assessment of a particular and real situation. Results - The results of the literature review and case studies indicate the value-added capability of incubators: job creation, entrepreneurship, technology transfer, commercialization, reduction of indirect start-up costs for companies, and graduation companies in the market. The results also show qualitative responses used to determine success rates and key indicators of incubators in various settings.