Hemorragia en obstetricia

  • Dagnino S. J
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Abstract

Resumen Los procedimientos obstétricos en ocasiones demandan hemocomponentes en cantidades importantes por las complicaciones que pueden presentar, con una tasa de mortalidad de 3.3 por millón de embarazos. Se calcula que alrededor del 1 al 2% de los partos requieren trans-fusión sanguínea. Por lo tanto, es importante conocer en qué condiciones pueden presentar hemorragias graves que demanden transfusión y estar preparados para prevenir las complicaciones por algún sangrado severo. En este trabajo se revisa la hemorragia en obstetricia, las causas que con mayor frecuencia presentan sangrado y sus complicaciones, así como el uso de hemocompo-nentes. Se sugiere contar con un Banco de Sangre bien implementado, la participación de un equipo multidis-ciplinario, incluyendo al hematólogo, y una adecuada comunicación entre los Servicios de Obstetricia y Me-dicina Transfusional para obtener resultados óptimos. Palabras clave: Hemorragia, obstetricia, transfu-sión sanguínea, CID, choque hemorrágico, muerte materna. Abstract Deaths from complications of obstetric procedures occur at a rate of 3.3 for each million pregnancies. Seldom, blood and/or its components are needed for the obste-tric patient. It has been estimated that 1-2% of women will require a blood transfusion in relation to a delivery. It is therefore important to know the circumstances in which a major bleed may present, and to be prepared to prevent or treat these bleeding complications. In the present writing, we review the use of hemic components in obstetrics, as well as the major causes of hemorrhage and their consequences. We propose the approach to the treatment of bleeding complications, and the indications for the use of specific hematic fractions. There is a need to have a well implemented blood bank, and to work as a team in an interdisciplinary fashion, favoring the communication between the obstetrician, the hematolo-gist and personnel from transfusion medicine, in order to have optimal results.

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APA

Dagnino S., J. (2017). Hemorragia en obstetricia. ARS MEDICA Revista de Ciencias Médicas, (23), 200. https://doi.org/10.11565/arsmed.v0i23.947

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