Over 31%-efficient perovskite–TOPCon solar cells enabled by AlO x -based hydrogenation and front sub-micron texturing

Abstract

Perovskite–TOPCon 2 tandem solar cells reaching 31.3% efficiency on front-textured devices, enabled by an optimized AlO x -based hydrogenation process that provides high passivation quality. We demonstrate high-efficiency perovskite–silicon tandem solar cells using double-sided tunnel oxide passivated contacts (TOPCon 2 ) bottom cells, achieving 30.2% efficiency on both-sides flat and 31.3% on front-textured devices. The former is enabled by high passivation quality on flat surfaces and the latter by enhanced optical performance. These results highlight that TOPCon 2 is a promising platform for scalable tandem integration beyond silicon heterojunction-based bottom cells.