Molecular Biology of Mutagens and Carcinogens

Abstract

I Introduction -- II Chemicals as Environmental Mutagens and Carcinogens -- III Intrinsic Properties of Nucleic Acids -- A. Introduction 15 -- B. Reactions with Water -- C. Reversible Equilibrium Reactions -- D. Fidelity in Nucleic Acid Synthesis -- E. Transcription and Replication of Modified Templates -- IV Reactions of Directly Acting Agents with Nucleic Acids -- A. Introduction -- B. Simple Nonalkylating Agents -- C. Monofunctional Alkylating Agents -- D. Bifunctional Alkylating Agents -- E. Cyclic Alkylating Agents -- F. Vinyl Halides -- G. Alkyl Carbamates -- V Metabolic Activation of Carcinogens and Mutagens -- A. Enzymatic Activation of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons -- B. Specific Metabolites of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons -- C. Enzymatic Activation of N-Substituted Aromatic Compounds and Resulting Metabolites -- D. Summary -- VI Reactions of Metabolically Activated Carcinogens with Nucleic Aclds -- A. Detection of DNA-Carcinogen Adducts -- B. Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons -- C. N-Substituted Aromatic Compounds -- D. Naturally Occurring Carcinogens -- VII Conformation of DNA Modified by Bulky Aromatic Carcinogens -- A. Introduction -- B. Methods of Analysis -- C. Conformation of DNA-7,8-Dihydrodiol-9,lO-Oxide-Benzo[a]pyrene Adducts -- D. Conformation of DNA Modified by N-Substituted Aromatic Compounds -- VIII Repair in Mammalian Organs and Cells -- A. Introduction -- B. In Vivo Removal of Alkyl Derivatives -- C. Mechanisms of Repair of Alkyl Derivatives in Eukaryotes -- D. In Vivo Removal of Aromatic Derivatives -- IX Site-Directed Mutagenesis -- Appendix A UV Spectral Characteristics and Acidic Dissociation Constants of Modified Bases, Nucleosides, and Nucleotides -- Appendix B Acid, Neutral, and Basic Spectra of Bases, Nucleosides, Nucleotides, and 55 Modified Derivatives.