Preparation of two-dimensional porphyrin-based MOFs/derivatives and their potential in sensing and biomedical applications

Abstract

Two-dimensional Porphyrin-based MOFs (2D p-MOFs) and their derivatives have demonstrated significant potential in sensing and biomedical applications with their development and optimization expected to lead to significant advances in these fields. However, achieving a high quality of 2D p-MOFs remains the present research rub and challenge. This review covers various methods and compound strategies for preparing 2D p-MOFs including both bottom-up and top-down approaches, both of which have drawbacks that need to be addressed, and also summarizes their advantages for the obtained prepared 2D p-MOF. Meanwhile, we review the different ways of functionalizing 2D porphyrin-based MOF nanosheets with examples. It also highlights the crucial role of 2D p-MOFs and derivatives in sensing applications, including food safety inspection, biomedical sensing, and environmental testing. Finally, the review summarizes the medical treatment based on 2D p-MOFs, including drug delivery, photodynamic therapy (PDT), photothermal therapy, imaging, and more, further emphasizing the value of 2D p-MOFs and derivatives.