Impacto de la Ayuda Financiera en la Persistencia: el Caso de la Universidad de Chile

  • Alarcón Valenzuela M
  • Verónica Santelices M
  • L. Horn C
  • et al.
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Abstract

Introduccion: la literatura internacional acerca de la persistencia en la educacion superior sugiere que la ayuda financiera entregada a los estudiantes afecta positivamente sus resultados academicos. Sin embargo, en Chile existe escasa investigacion respecto a este tema, y en particular no se diferencian los efectos de los distintos tipos de ayuda. De acuerdo a esto, el presente estudio tiene por objetivo explorar en que medida los diferentes tipos y cantidades de ayuda financiera impactan la probabilidad de persistencia de los estudiantes de la Universidad de Chile. Metodos: se utilizo el modelo cuantitativo de supervivencia para el analisis de eventos historicos, el cual permite, a partir de datos longitudinales, estudiar como distintos factores se relacionan con la aparicion de un evento en diferentes momentos del tiempo y determinar si estos tienen efectos que cambian en funcion del tiempo. Las variables utilizadas fueron academicas (carrera, notas, etc.), financieras (tipo de ayuda, montos, etc.) y socio-economicas (region de origen, tipo de establecimiento de educacion secundaria, etc.). La informacion se obtuvo de tres bases de datos de la Universidad de Chile y se analizaron las cohortes de ingreso 2009 y 2010.  Resultados y Discusion: los resultados muestran que el otorgamiento de una combinacion de becas y prestamos estatales, institucionales y/o de origen privado aumenta la probabilidad de permanecer en la Universidad. En particular, se destaca que las becas de mantencion tienen un mayor efecto que las ayudas de arancel, y, a su vez, el credito tiene un mayor impacto que las becas.Palabras clave: Ayuda financiera; Persistencia; Equidad; Politicas publicas; Educacion superior; Becas; Matricula. Impact of Financial Aid on Persistence: the Case of the University of ChileIntroduction: the international literature on persistence in higher education suggests that students’ financial aid affects positively their academic results. However, in Chile and in Latin America in general, there is little research on this issue, and in particular the effects of different types of aid are not differentiated. According to this, the present study has the objective of exploring to what extent the different types and amounts of financial aid impact the probability of persistence of the students of the University of Chile. Methods: the quantitative survival model was used for the analysis of historical events, which allows, from longitudinal data, to study how different factors are related to the appearance of an event at different moments of time and to determine if these have effects that change as a function of time. The variables used were academic (career, grades, etc.), financial (type of aid, amounts, etc.) and socio-economic (region of origin, type of secondary education institution, etc.). The information was obtained from three University of Chile databases; the 2009 and 2010 income cohorts were analyzed. Results and Discussion: the results show that granting a combination of scholarships and state, institutional and / or private loans increases students’ probability of persisting in the University. In particular, it is highlighted that grants that cover cost of living expenses have a greater effect than tuition grants, and, in turn, credit has a greater impact than scholarships.Keywords: Student financial Aid; Academic persistence; Educational equity; Public policy; Higher education; Scholarships; Enrolment.

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APA

Alarcón Valenzuela, M., Verónica Santelices, M., L. Horn, C., & González Soto, P. (2018). Impacto de la Ayuda Financiera en la Persistencia: el Caso de la Universidad de Chile. Revista Iberoamericana de Evaluación Educativa, 11(2), 113–132. https://doi.org/10.15366/riee2018.11.2.006

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