Nanotechnology in Plant Disease Management

Abstract

The mesmerizing science of nanotechnology is the process of manipulating atoms and molecules to produce materials characterized by their minuscule dimensions, including nanoparticles ranging from 1 to 100 nanometers. Despite being relatively new areas of study, nanoscience and nanotechnology are rapidly emerging as the forefront of research, continually generating the latest discoveries. Every year, nearly 20-40% crop losses occur mainly due to diseases and pests. The only method currently used to control plant diseases are toxic pesticides and fungicides, which pose risks to both the human well-being and the ecosystem. To reduce these problems the only needed solution is nanotechnology. It employs the use of nanoparticles synthesized by various methods. Plant diseases are managed effectively by using diverse nanoparticles, like silver nanoparticles, copper nanoparticles and zinc oxide nanoparticles. The rapid detection of plant pathogens, the biosensor-based control of pests and diseases, soil management and other areas are all greatly impacted by nanotechnology.