Drug allergy is associated with the development of extraintestinal manifestations in patients with ulcerative colitis

Abstract

Drug allergies are developed by antibody or cell-mediated reactions as immunologic mechanisms. It has been demonstrated that hypersensitivity reaction to certain allergens may play a role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) focused on food allergies. A total of 256 patients with UC were divided in two groups: 203 patients with active UC and 53 in remission UC were included in the present study. In the present study we found that 11.7% had allergy to at least one drug distributed. The most frequent drug-allergies were sulfonamides in 2.8% and penicillin in 3.1%. Sulfonamide allergy was associated with several extraintestinal manifestations such as: peripheral arthritis / arthralgia (OR = 9.06, 95% CI 1.71-48.00, p = 0.002); pyoderma gangrenosum (OR = 24.10, 95% CI 3.55-163.48, p < 0.0001) and uveitis (OR = 15.93, 95% CI 2.55-99.23, p < 0.0001). The frequency of drug allergy was 11.7% in Mexican UC patients, most frequently to sulfonamides and penicillin drugs. The presence of sulfonamide allergy was associated with the presence of several extra-intestinal manifestations.