Use of atomic absorption spectroscopy in determining minerals in water

Abstract

Background: As climate change, industrial activities and urbanization alter water sources, ongoing mineral analysis becomes vital for sustainable water management and regulatory compliance. This study was done to apply the technique of atomic absorption spectroscopy in determining mineral content in water from different sources. It emphasized how natural and anthropogenic factors influence water quality, impacting both ecosystem and human safety. Methods: The study was done to measure mineral content of water from different sources with the help of flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS). We took water samples from urban tap- water, local well-water and a spring-water. With the help of AAS calcium, magnesium, iron, sodium, potassium and zinc levels were measures in water samples. In order to verify the reliability of the method, the reference sample was determined. The accuracy of the calibration curve was evaluated by an independent calibration verification. Results: Magnesium and calcium were found predominantly in spring water, while zinc and iron were absent, which suggested that mineral profile of natural groundwater is influenced by geological and environmental conditions specific to location. The presence of zinc and iron in tap and well water is attributed to the plumbing materials or environmental factors influencing water supplies. Conclusions: Understanding mineral dynamics in water helps to protect public health and preserve environmental integrity in a rapidly changing world. This work shows that AAS technique is highly sensitive, specific and affordable method for detecting trace and toxic elements, which implements AAS as indispensable tool in modern laboratories and research centres.