Introdução ao teorema de Nash e às Branas-mundo

Abstract

Although brane-world models have gained considerable attention in the last years for providing several options for contemporary physics, their mechanisms are not completely understood or properly justified. Taking into account such difficulty, in this work we provide a pedagogical contribution, written especially for physics graduate students, and present an introductory approach to one of the important themes in physics and geometry concerning the foundations of immersion theory of manifolds. We present a description of Nash's embedding theorem of 1956 which shows how to do a local embedding between Riemannian manifolds while preserving the regularity and differentiability of the embedding functions, and how it can be applied to physics in the contex of the brane-worlds. © The Sociedade Brasileira de Física.