Psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the premenstrual dysphoric disorder questionnaire for DSM-5 (CTDP–DSM–5)

Abstract

Introduction: Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is a syndrome marked by severe mood and physical symptoms during the menstrual luteal phase. This study aimed to evaluate the validity and reliability of the Turkish CTDP-DSM-5 (CTDP-TR), developed by Aperribai et al. (2016), in response to the insufficient diagnosis of PMDD in clinical settings, as per the DSM-5 or ICD-11. Methods: Data were collected from women through an electronic questionnaire. A total of 336 participants were included in the analysis. The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), and Premenstrual Symptoms Screening Tool (PSST) scales were administered alongside the CTDP-TR; the data were analyzed for construct validity, internal consistency, test–retest reliability, convergent validity, and criterion validity. Results: The CTDP-TR is a 25-item screening tool based on DSM-5. Confirmatory factor analysis of the CTDP-TR revealed a two-factor structure with acceptable fit indices (CFI = 0.903; TLI = 0.888; RMSEA = 0.057, SRMR = 0.056, χ2/df = 2.08, p < 0.001). The total score of the scale demonstrated excellent internal consistency (α = 0.89), a strong correlation with PSST (r = 0.715), and excellent discrimination in ROC analysis (AUC = 0.943). CTDP-TR scores correlated significantly with PHQ-9 (r = 0.547) and GAD-7 scores (r = 0.510), effectively distinguishing individuals with depression from those without (Cohen's d = 1.171) and individuals with anxiety from those without (Cohen's d = 1.145). The rate of positive screening for PMDD was 43.5%. Conclusions: The CTDP-TR is a straightforward, valid, and reliable screening tool aligned with DSM-5 for PMDD in Turkiye, providing a basis for early identification and referral, rather than a stand-alone diagnosis. The existence of this scale is crucial for public health, as it addresses the absence of a standard, DSM-5-oriented tool for PMDD screening in Turkiye.