Abnormal laboratory results: The interpretation of arterial blood gases

Abstract

Arterial blood gas analysis is used to measure the pH and the partial pressures of oxygen and carbon dioxide in arterial blood. The investigation is relatively easy to perform and yields information that can guide the management of acute and chronic illnesses. This information indicates a patient's acid-base balance, the effectiveness of their gas exchange and the state of their ventilatory control. Interpretation of an arterial blood gas result should not be done without considering the clinical findings. The results change as the body compensates for the underlying problem. Factors relating to sampling technique, specimen processing and environment may also influence the results.