Association of hypertension and diabetes with COVID-19 severity in comparison to healthy patients

Abstract

Introduction: The coronavirus is a novel pandemic disease that began in Wuhan, China, and further spread globally. Therefore, the aim of this retrospective work was to look at the clinical characteristics and outcomes of diabetic and blood pressure patients compared with a healthy patient who was infected with coronavirus disease (COVID-19). Methods: Data and outcomes were gathered from medical records and analyzed in 150 patients. The disease is frequently diagnosed via nucleic acid-based viral identification from swabs, sputum, or bronchial alveolar lavage fluid (BALF) using diagnostic reagents such as quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). COVID-19 chest radiographs were obtained, and clinical characteristics and outcomes were evaluated. In this study, we analyzed and compared the severity of the disease, its outcome, any associated complications, and clinical laboratory findings in COVID-19 patients between diabetic, hypertensive, and healthy individuals. Results and Conclusion: According to the findings, COVID-19 can cause a wide range of symptoms, which range from asymptomatic to severe respiratory problems and death. Diabetes appears to be one of the most significant comorbidities associated with a worse COVID-19 result. COVID-19 patients with diabetes (50 (33%) and hypertension (50 (33%)) had more ICU admissions compared with the non-diabetic and non-blood pressure patients (50 (33%)). During the treatment follow-up, 10 (6.6%) of the 150 patients passed away, 140 (93%) were released, 110 (73%) were discharged, and 30 (20%) kept in the hospital. Compared to non-diabetic and healthy COVID-19 patients, diabetic COVID-19 patients had a greater mortality rate.