Synergie potentielle entre deux toxiques rénaux: Le DTPA et l'uranium

Abstract

At present, the most appropriate therapeutic approach to treat an accidental contamination with plutonium and uranium oxyde mixture (MOX) is administration of diethylene-triamine-pentaacetate acid (DTPA) in order to accelerate plutonium excretion. As uranium and DTPA are both nephrotoxic compounds, the administration of DTPA after a contamination containing uranium could enhance the nephrotoxic effects of uranium. The aim of the present work was to study in vitro on a kidney proximal tubule cell line (LLC-PK1) the cytotoxicity induced by increasing concentrations of uranium in presence of 3 different chemical forms of DTPA. The results showed that the DTPA used alone induced no cytotoxicity at the concentration used here (420 μM). However, this concentration of DTPA increased the cytotoxicity induced by uranium. This increase was maximal for uranium concentrations close to the lethal concentration for 50% of the cells and reached 37, 31 and 28% for anhydrous DTPA, Na3CaDTPA and Na3ZnDTPA, respectively. These results suggest that administration of DTPA could enhance the nephrotoxicity induced by uranium. © 2006 EDP Sciences.