Relation between obesity complications of pregnancy and delivery

Abstract

The worldwide epidemics of overweight and obesity have become important public health issues. The aim of the study was to screen of obese women according to their BMI and related obstetric complications and cesarean delivery. This cross-sectional study was conducted in Tikrit city over a period from 10th March to 10th July 2019 and included 100 singleton pregnant women with gestational age >37 weeks with cephalic presentation who attended Salahaddin general hospital, Gynecology and Obstetrics unit. Based on this, patients to be studied will be divided into 2 groups of 50 patients each: BMI less than 30 kg/m2 (considered as control group) and BMI >=30 kg/m2 (obsess- cases group). All the patients included in the study were subjected to All the investigations including hemoglobin (Hb), bleeding time, clotting time, urine routine examination, prothrombin time, platelet count, renal function tests, liver function tests, blood sugar and urine for albumin were done. General examination- including general condition, hydration, blood pressure temperature, pallor, icterus, cyanosis, edema. Weight (in kgs) was measured in kilograms. Patients were weighed without shoes, wearing light indoor clothes. Height(in metres) was measured using a stadiometer. The present study showed that, out of a total of 50 pregnancies in each category, only 28% patients in the BMI>=30 category were free of complications compared with 80% of women with BMI was less than 30 (P. value: 0.004). Retinopathy, GDM and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) were recorded in 6% in the BMI>=30 category compared with 2% in women with BMI <30. The study revealed that 8% of women with BMI <30 were suffered from fetal distress while no one of women with BMI>=30 group and the difference was significant (P: 0.034). Non-progress of labour (NPOL) was present in 4% patients with BMI <30 category and was absent in the BMI >30, failure of induction occurred equally in 2% patients with BMI <30 and >=30. Shoulder dystocia was observed in 2% of the patients in the BMI>=30 category, whereas it was absent in patients with BMI<30. The difference was statistically significant (P<0.01). The study indicated that postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) occurred in 2% of the patients with BMI <30 category and in 6% of the patients in the BMI>=30 group, Cervical/ Paravaginal tears were present in 4% of the BMI<30 category and 8% in BMI>=30 category.Copyright © 2020 Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications. All rights reserved.