Industrialization and CO2 Emissions: Accounting for the role of Renewable Energy in OIC Member States

Abstract

The aim of this study is to assess the relationship between industrialization and CO2 emissions in a sample of OIC member states over the period 1995-2020. The study adopts panel data methods such as two-step system GMM estimator to account for the problems of endogeneity and simultaneity. The empirical results suggest that industrializing has positive effect on CO2 emissions. In contrast, renewable energy and financial development has pollution inhibiting impact on CO2 emissions. Our results also show that GDP and ICT usage leads to a rise in CO2 emissions. The policy implications of the study are discussed.