Role of myostatin protein in sarcopenia (aging muscle) after conditioned medium umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (secretome) therapy: mini review

Abstract

Umbilical Cord Mesenchyme stem cell (UC-MSCs) /secretome has been applied for treating several diseases, such as cardio-protection and diabetes. Secretome-derived paracrine modulating effects of various growth factors, cytokines, chemokines, angiogenic factors, and exosomes are used in aging therapy. In recent clinical trials on sarcopenia therapy such as pharmaceutical interventions, nutrition, and physical exercise are reported to be effective strategies to reduce sarcopenia. The pathomechanism of the secretome in the treatment of sarcopenia is unclear. This study looked into how secretome might affect myostatin, a biomarker of sarcopenia, at the molecular level. Myostatin, a member of the TGF-family, significantly increases muscle growth when it is absent while suppressing muscle growth when it is present. A bioactive substance called secretome is secreted by MSCs in conditioned conditions. It is rich in growth factors and cytokines, which are crucial for speeding up tissue regeneration. Secretome intervention is a promising approach for treating sarcopenia as showed by its ability to prevent muscle loss and to improve molecular biomarkers.