Innovative Shade Mitigation Technique for Maximizing Solar Energy Efficiency in Roof-Mounted PV Systems

Abstract

Shading in photovoltaic (PV) systems can reduce power output, cause hot spots, efficiency losses, maintenance needs, and impact economic returns. Traditional shading solutions for PV systems are complex and expensive, requiring advanced sensors, imaging technologies, and complicated algorithms. This study presents a cost-effective, simple method that does not rely on sensors, cameras, or complex systems. It involves a site assessment to identify shading sources and precise shadow length calculations using astronomical equations. By combining site analysis with tracking mechanisms, the system proactively avoids shading with minimal energy loss, only 2.7% of the generated energy. Unlike other techniques that react to shading, this approach focuses on predicting and preventing shading, ensuring optimal performance. A prototype of the system demonstrated efficient sun tracking and shading avoidance. This innovative approach improves PV efficiency, reduces costs, and promotes adoption due to its simplicity and scalability.