Escoliosis idiopática

Abstract

Idiopathic scoliosis is a reason for consultation in both Primary Care and in Specialized Care because of the connotations that implies both orthopaedic and surgical treatment. It is defined as the coronal plane deformity greater than 10 degrees. It has a prevalence of approximately 2%. The most recent studies speak in favour of a genetic predisposition in the development of the curves. The scoliosis screening programs for diagnosis have proved expensive and ineffective. An adequate knowledge of basic exploration and natural history of the disease prevents excessive radiation exposure to children. Idiopathic scoliosis is most common in the adolescent. We need to pay special attention to the exploration of children aged 10-11. The treatment is very standardized, taking into account the type and magnitude of the curve, sex and skeletal maturity of the patient. Given these factors, an indication of the back brace is for immature curves 25 to 45 and surgery for curves that exceed 45 degrees. Current instrumentation systems allow surgery before skeletal maturity.