Synthesis of ZIF-11 - Effect of water residues in the solvent onto the phase transition from ZIF-11 to ZIF-7-III

Abstract

The syntheses of MOFs and ZIFs are often accompanied by the formation of unwanted byproducts. Also for the ZIF-11 synthesis in N,N-Diethylformamide (DEF), phase impurities have been reported. In this systematic study, water residues in the reaction mixture could be identified as one major reason for the formation of the phase impurity ZIF-7-III within the ZIF-11 synthesis. The parameters ‘crystallinity’ and ‘phase index’ were introduced to quantify the phase transition.